【线上云德】疫情期间律师说（一百零二）┃ 商业活动中的刑事风险—企业融资过程中的风险防控

企业成立伊始，就直接关系到“钱”的问题，“钱”是企业存在的前提和基础，也是其存在的目的。近年来，浙江东阳吴某案（涉案金额8亿元）、西安某高校案（涉案金额数十亿）等一个个案例，给我们敲响了警钟，我们必须重视民间融资中的法律风险防范问题。

Since the establishment of an enterprise, it is directly related to the issue of "Money". "Money" is the premise and basis for the existence of an enterprise, and also the purpose of its existence. In recent years, the Wu case in Dongyang, Zhejiang Province (Involving a sum of 800 million Yuan), the case of a University in Xi'an (Involving a sum of billions of Yuan) and other cases have sounded the alarm to us, and we must pay attention to the prevention of legal risks in private financing.

企业融资过程中如何有效防控刑事风险呢？首先要坚决避免打非法集资的“擦边球”；如果融资没有明确用途，本来作为项目投资的款项用于个人挥霍或者非法盈利，就可能涉及刑事犯罪了。

How to effectively prevent and control criminal risks in the process of enterprise financing? First of all, we must resolutely avoid the "Sideswipe" of illegal fund-raising. If the financing is not clearly used, the money that would otherwise have been invested in the project could be used for personal consumption or illegal profits, which could be a criminal offence.

其次，要建立健全企业法律风险管理机制。围绕企业利益最大化，要运用科学的管理方法构建企业法律风险防范机制，比如产权结构、内部管理制度、合同管理、对外重大投资、企业用工等风险防范体系。

Secondly, it is necessary to establish and improve the enterprise legal risk management mechanism. In order to maximize the interests of enterprises, a scientific management method should be used to construct a legal risk prevention mechanism for enterprises, such as property rights structure, internal management system, contract management, major foreign investment, enterprise employment and other risk prevention systems.

再者，要定期委托第三方对企业进行“体检”。定期体检，也就是对企业进行法律风险评估，通过风险评估，律师能及时把企业可能存在的问题披露出来，引起注意并作出相应的决策，有利于企业家安心商业运作，走向更大的成功。

Furthermore, the third party should be entrusted to carry out the "Legal Examination" to the enterprise on a regular basis. Regular physical examination is to evaluate the legal risk of the enterprise. Through the risk assessment, the lawyer can timely disclose the possible problems of the enterprise, attract attention and make corresponding decisions, which is conducive to the entrepreneur's peace of mind in business operation and greater success。

最后，企业家还应当与律师成为真正的合作伙伴，在作出重要决策前听取律师建议，把经营风险降到最低。

Finally, entrepreneurs should also become real partners with lawyers and take their advice before making important decisions to minimise business risks.

陈冬杰，法学硕士。云德律所党总支委员、秘书长、刑事辩护部和土地业务法律事务部首席律师。西北政法大学行政法学院实务导师，西北大学法律硕士实务导师，陕西省行政法学研究会理事、陕西省法学会能源法学研究会理事。西安市长安区人民检察院涉检信访律师库专家成员、西安市精神卫生中心伦理委员会委员、莲湖区、灞桥区、临潼区等多家政府法律顾问。

Chen Dongjie, Master of Laws. Member ofthe General Party Branch and Secretary General of Yunde Law Firm, Chief Lawyerof the Criminal Defense Department and the Land Business Legal Department.Practical Tutor of Northwest University of Politics and Law School ofAdministration, Practical Tutor of Master of Law of Northwest University,Director of Shaanxi Administrative Law Research Association, Director of EnergyLaw Research Association of Shaanxi Law Association. Xi'an Chang'an DistrictPeople's Procuratorate is an expert member of the petition lawyer database, amember of the Ethics Committee of Xi'an Mental Health Center, and a number ofgovernment legal advisers such as Lianhu District, Baqiao District and Lintong District.